Thursday 19 November 2015

LIBRARIES, READING ROOMS AND ART CLUBS


The Roman metropolis had more than 25 city libraries in the late imperial period. It was probably the only example of a fairly expansive library system, which we could point out in the past. Intensive research and education at all levels and in all branches of knowledge makes the services of library inevitable. In recent times institutions of scientific and professional training have multiplied manifold to keep pace with the explosion taking place in the sphere of knowledge. Rational functioning of modern life has become impossible without library. Knowledge that is already available is essential in the general struggle for survival, to keep pace with technological development, for rational planning and intervening in a world, which is becoming smaller and smaller through modern methods of communication. The library is the instrument, which collects and make available both knowledge and documentation.

The colonialists and under their direction, the rulers of the princely states showed interest in establishing educational institutions including libraries. A library of five or ten thousand volumes thrown open for free access to the public of a town may be used a thousand times.
           
          There was great enthusiasm in starting libraries, but it was found difficult to manage them properly. As a social institution rural libraries in Kerala were very vibrant and effective in educating and informing people. These libraries were the centers of the community’s social and political life and they led the cultural and literary activities of the society. Committed library activists did their job voluntarily and selflessly. During a period when the circulation of newspapers and periodicals was limited, these libraries and reading rooms served as windows to the world of knowledge for the rural population. They were also the information centres of the village. For the oppressed and the underprivileged sections, these institutions proved to be the first step towards social emancipation. The public space created by the rural libraries was politically and socially also a liberating one. But do our rural libraries keep up this momentum now? Do our libraries continue to play a vital role in the society’s social and political upheavals? The answer is, unfortunately in the negative.

In 1946, some of the youngsters under the leadership of Nanappa Kaimal Naduvammuri, O.I.G. Kaimal Ollarikkat, L.N. Gokulan Master Kannampilly (later shifted from Kumbalam to the Sevamandir Post Basic School at Ramanattukara,) Abu Haji Ponnappilly, Xavier Poovumpally, and Natarajan Master Charanthara resolved to start a village reading room and they erected a thatched shed in the premises of Kunjipareeth Murikkelil at Kumbalam south. The Islanders donated their old books for the library. Thereafter the reading room cum library was shifted to various rented premises. The government bestowed grant-in-aid to the library.  In 1963, a small plot, 2 cents, was purchased from Shri. Annappa Swamy and put up a library building with a tiled roof with the grant-in-aid and other amounts collected from the public. Shri. T.R. Raghava Panicker, Thandasseril (Thalasseril), the headmaster of the adjacent Girls High School too encouraged the development of this library. In 1987-92, a double storied modern building with concrete roof was erected. The library is housed in the first floor and the ground floor is rented out at 4000 rupees per mensum, which fetched a reasonable income for payment of salary to the librarian, sweeper and maintenance of library building. The Library Council of Kerala has recognized this as an ‘A’ grade library and it is receiving grant-in-aid. I reliably understand that the grant given is not enough to purchase new and important books in various fields and therefore the grant has to be enhanced considerably. A committee would be formed to select books and periodicals from the publishers directly.

The Malayalam daily news papers like Mathrubhumi, Desabhimani, Janayugam, Madyamam, Janmabhumi and English news papers like Times of India Peoples Democracy and Gruhalekshmi magazine are supplied free of cost and they have good readership in this library.

Short stories, poetries, dramas, life-history, auto-biography, classics, fiction, historical books and science books were also read. Epics, Geetha, Bible, Koran are available for reference. Other important newspapers, career guidance magazines, agricultural magazines, children’s magazines, and film magazines are to be subscribed in this library. I have noted that more than 80% of the Islanders are regular subscribers of daily newspapers in Malayalam. Some of them subscribe English daily newspapers like Indian Express, The Hindu, Times of India and Deccan Herald.

The library encouraged the youngsters to write short stories and poems and gave them opportunities to present them in the library hall. Shri. Mohandas Chaniyil, one of the voracious readers of this library and a former principal of Govt. College Trippunithura, is the moderator for such events. Talented young members of this library published their books like “Farrah – a Kashmiri Girl” by Srijith and “Rathri-Mulla Chuvannappol” by Mirraj.

Shri. Vikraman (Kaimal) Master, Kannampilly (Lekshmi Vilasom), is an intelligent, and a good teacher. He is a soft spoken, slim and simple in his attire. He used to teach in the Girls High School at Kumbalam. He was an active member of the ‘Deseeya Vikasana Samithy’, (National Development Committee of Kumbalam). At a very young age he exhibited his talents to compose the ‘Vanchipatt’. Shri. Damodharan Poti, the then Minister of PWD came to inspect the Kumbalam-Thevara ferry area to assess the suitability to construct a bridge to the mainland. For that event the folk song composed by him was sung in the canoe while the minister was taken to Kumbalam. This young talent was appreciated by all. The minister congratulated Vikraman Master personally. Due to that inspiration he wrote a few poetry books; 1. English Grammer ‘Ottamthullal’, 2. ‘Thalam’, 3. ‘Malayala Vyakarana Ganam’, 4. ‘Neethimante Raktham’ and 5. ‘Annathe Soothram’. All these books were published by N.B.S. He was awarded a fellowship by the Ministry of Human Resources, Kerala. His name is mentioned as a poet in Samastha Kerala Parishit Directory. I humbly tender this little bouquet of roses, an appreciation, in recognition for his love and contribution to Malayalam literature.

Shri. Premoose Perincheri, one of my contemporaries in Sacred Heart College at Thevara, is a noted Malayalam novelist from Panangad. Shri. Sarasan Chittel has written a few plays and he successfully staged them in festival grounds. They are all members of this library. The rural libraries organize cultural programmes also as part of their anniversary celebrations.

There were actively functioning drama clubs and literary clubs at Kumbalam. Dramas and other cultural programmes used to be frequently staged. Many drama actors and literary workers in Kumbalam began their career in these clubs. In 1960s Netaji Arts Club was founded by Raghava Kaimal Thalasseril, Majeed Murikkel and others and started functioning in the building belonging to Rajan Embramthiri at Kumbalam south.

The PKM Arts Club with a reading room was started functioning in 1988 in the central area of Kumbalam. Kaladharan Pallipurath, Subranabian Moolakkal and Gokulan Vathuveettil were the founders of this club. The club promoted sports and games as well as other cultural activities. They used to conduct a popular football tournament; and a lot of teams from the nearby districts participated in it. Another Reading Room sponsored by the Communist Marxist party is functioning near the panchayat pond at Kumbalam. Sree Narayana Arts Club functioned in the plot given by Narayanan Master Pazhayakolil. There is another National Library and Reading Room at Kumbalam north area founded by youngsters like A.P. Anthony. Lawrence Kelanthara, Ouseppachan Thayamkeril (East), Sudhakaran Vazhavelil and others. Another library is functioning near Kamoth area at Panangad. The politicians and social activists were the organizers and leaders of the rural library movement. They considered this work in the broader frame of their political and social activities.

          The enthusiasm of the earlier generations of library activists is also lacking today. Most of the rural libraries function only in evenings or mornings, during which readers went to libraries and reading rooms in search of serious writings on important social issues.


Excerpts from

MEMOIRS

An autobiography
by
Joseph J. Thayamkeril
Lawyer, Kochi, Kerala, India.
josephjthayamkeril.blogspot.com
josephjthayamkeril@google.com
josephjthayamkeril@gmail.com

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