Friday, 30 January 2015

AN ANCIENT MARTIAL ART (KALARI-PAYATTU)

Mattakkal was a renowned ‘Kalari-Payattu’, military training center for martial art in this region. The ‘Desavazhi’ engaged ‘Kalari Asan’ teachers, (Kurup in Malabar Region) and assistants to give strenuous training to beginners and to make necessary corrections in their steps and body movements. The training included the practice in fencing exercises and deadly locks. Learning the art of using weapons like – fanning sticks,  defter use of sword and ‘Urumi’ damascene blade, spear, and the advanced lessons in ‘Hatayogam’ were also taught here. For the Nair boys it was mandatory to acquire these skills since it was their bread and butter. For boys from the higher caste and for girls it was optional. But during war times martial art was compulsory for all Brahmin youth and children. The main criteria were to recruit them young and it was very important that they are of good health, and good physique. Mental alertness too was one of the criteria for gaining expertise in these areas. The classes used to commence early in the morning or evening.  The most promising trainees were taught the Marmas, viz, the vulnerable points in the human body. When they were well versed in the art of fighting with sword and shield, spear, club, bow and arrow and the eighteen tricks or techniques, and the customary laws, the Desavazhi or on special occasions the Raja will present him a sword and shield in a passing out ceremony and declare him a Nayar (Leader) and direct him to protect Brahmins, cows, traveler’s wealth and the fort. Nayars used to carry his sword and shield wherever they went and they were always ready for a fight. A Nayar controlled 50 to 100 soldiers and a Kaimal or Kartha commanded 3000 soldiers.

The ‘Kalari-Payattu’ declined after the 17th century but in recent times it has staged a revival; thanks to the various Kalari Sangams, associations.

During 1970s Vijayan Chingoth, his brothers, Murali, Vibhinnan Murali Thandasseril and Unni Chingoth made an arrangement with Mani ‘Asan’ of Nettoor to conduct classes in ‘Kalari Payattu’. I recall the oil massaged handsome body of Vijayan profusely sweated after strenuous practice; his sweated body glistened in sunlight. Jacob and I were fortunate to get a basic training in that martial art unlike our veteran ancestors. In order to attain excellence it requires steady and uninterrupted practice for several years. I still remember Mani ‘Asan’s first class and one of his best advices, “It is excellent to have a giant’s strength, but it is tyrannous to have it like a giant, and use your strength only for self-defense.” 

Excerpts from

MEMOIRS

An autobiography
by
Joseph J. Thayamkeril
Lawyer, Kochi, Kerala, India.
josephjthayamkeril.blogspot.com

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